下列选项哪个如果正确,可以最有力地削弱上述论证?
A. 因为月球的环境恶劣,所以月球上可不能有生命迹象。
B. 地球和月球的气温不同。
C.自转和公转对生物影响最小。
D. 到目前为止,月球上还没有生命的迹象。
E. 用最新的技术,人类很容易勘探月球
本题答案是B。此类文本的因果关系是:因为地球和月球有很多相似点,所以地球有的特点月球都会有。因为要削弱上述论证“既然地球上有生物存在,那么月球上也有生物存在”,那就需要用地球和月球的不同点去削弱原文基于相似点作出的推理。所以答案是B地球和月球的气温不同。
此外这类文本还需要注意,一般答案一定要专注回答2个比较对象。
例题2:
In Borania many people who want to quit smoking wear nicotine skin patches, which deliver small doses of nicotine through the skin. Beginning next month, these patches can be purchased without a doctor's prescription. Although nonprescription patches will be no more effective than those obtained by prescription and will be equally expensive, patch manufacturers are nevertheless predicting that the patches' new nonprescription status will boost sales, which have slowed considerably in recent years.
Which of the following, if true in Borania, most strongly supports the manufacturers' prediction?
(A)Most people who wanted to quit smoking and who found the nicotine skin patch helpful in quitting have quit.
(B)Nicotine skin patches generally cost more to use than do other types of aids that help people to quit smoking.
(C)Several nonprescription aids aimed at helping people to quit smoking have been widely available for a number of years.
(D)Many smokers who want to quit smoking feel that they cannot afford to visit a doctor for a prescription.
(E)People who use nicotine skin patches have approximately the same rate of success in quitting smoking as do people who use other aids aimed at helping people to quit smoking.
该题中,处方尼古丁贴和非处方尼古丁贴的价格和戒烟效果相似,结论是非处方尼古丁贴的销量未来会增长。要强化结论,一般思路是在选项中提出非处方尼古丁贴的另一个优点,该优点不同于处方尼古丁贴,会导致非处方尼古丁贴的销量增长。从另一方面,也可以讲处方尼古丁贴的缺点,来衬托非处方尼古丁贴。这也是从两者不同点的角度来解题。
通过这两个例题的分析,希望大家对于GMAT题目有更深的了解。预祝所有同学GMAT高分!